The Impact of Urban Migration Variables on Tuberculosis Prevalence in Monrovia (West Africa)

The Impact of Urban Migration Variables on Tuberculosis Prevalence in Monrovia (West Africa)

Introduction Tuberculosis is a human infection that is caused by the bacterium, bacteria. The bacteria that is responsible for tuberculosis is called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This bacterium is closely compared to Mycobacterium leprae, the bacterium that causes leprosy (Gupta, 2012). Tuberculosis affects anybody although it is more common in those whose people whom their socioeconomic status is low,est, people living with HIV, and people living in areas where one can get TB easily like psychiatric patients and prison inmates. The two types of TB are extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and pulmonary tuberculosis (Gupta, 2012). The most popular TB type is the pulmonary TB that is throughout the world, and the study will focus on this type of TB. Pulmonary TB occurs when the lungs are colonized by the causing distress in the in the respiratory. The study needs to be conducted so as to intervene on the causes of TB and how it can be prevented. In Liberia, cases of TB reported in 2011 were an estimate of 53%. Background Tuberculosis is a human disease infection caused by the bacterium, bacteria. The bacteria that is responsible for tuberculosis is called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. According to evidence based on archeology, Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been appeared firstly around between past 20,000 years to 35,000 years (Daniel, Sep 2006). Since then, TB has been a plague and is still a plague to human beings. Other agents that are infectious in the world history can match TB for causing misery and mortality on the human race. Factors such as better housing, income, nutrition and, health have contributed greatly to reduction rates. Despite the advancement of the medical care in the 20th century still the treatment and prevention of TB did not fare as well. In 2013, globally 9,000,000 people contracted TB, and the disease killed an estimate of 1,500,000 people. Nearly 2/3 of the world population has been infected with tuberculosis in this 21st century. Tuberculosis is an airborne infectious disease and is single deadliest across the world. TB in Liberia poses to be a threat because the case detection rate in 2011 was 54% (LISGIS, 2014). Tuberculosis affects anybody although it is more common in people living with HIV/AIDs, people of low socioeconomic status, and in areas of TB burden setting like psychiatric patients and prison inmates. The two types of TB are extrapulmonary tuberculosis and pulmonary tuberculosis. The most common type of TB is pulmonary tuberculosis that is found all over the world (Gupta, 2012). The study will focus on pulmonary tuberculosis. Pulmonary tuberculosis is caused when the lungs are colonized by the bacteria causing respiratory distress. Extra pulmonary tuberculosis occurs when the bacteria settle outside the lungs. In Liberia, 4/5 cases of tuberculosis are reported to be extrapulmonary tuberculosis

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