Chemical proportionality: carbinate and hudrochloric acid

Chemical proportionality: carbinate and hudrochloric acid

Title

Objective
Based on the title of the experiment and your pre-lab reading, you should be able to write a brief statement explaining the significance of the experiment and what information/data you expect to garner from it. This section should discuss the scientific objective of the experiment, not the educational purpose of the laboratory. This must be written in full and complete sentences; do not use bulleted phrases. This section should not be more than a paragraph long.

Procedure
Summarize the procedure and your group’s work plan for this experiment. Comment on any difficulties with the procedure as a means of accomplishing the goal of the experiment.

Describe the procedure that you actually followed in performing the experiment, don’t just retype the lab manual. The procedure is not instructions for repeating the experiment, although it must contain sufficient information for the reader to do so. Any special safety precautions should also be mentioned in this section. Since this section refers to actions already completed, it is always written in the past tense, using an impersonal voice!

This should NOT be a complete reiteration of everything written in this section of the laboratory book. This section is also written in paragraph form and in full sentences. Formal lab reports are written in the third person passive voice, past tense. Never use the words “I” or “we” in a formal lab report. For instance, do not write “We determined the volume of a glass bead using the displacement method.” Instead, state “The volume of a glass bead was determined through the displacement method.”

Data
Fill out the data tables for Parts II, III, IV and V (Tables 1-5) of the lab in the data tab of the excel file Chem L112_Chemical Proportionality_YOUR NAME, and then copy and paste them into your report. 

To complete Table 2, you will need to compute the ratio of mass to volume for each of the four trials. Use units of grams and milliliters. Determine the average value and standard deviation of this ratio and record in Table 3.

Prepare a graph of mass versus volume with the mass of the carbonate along the y-axis and the volume of the HCl along the x-axis for all three data sets. Determine the slope of the best line drawn through the data points using linear regression analysis; report the slopes and correlation coefficients in Table 3.

Use the data in Table 4 to graph the mass of sodium carbonate (on the y-axis) versus the moles of HCl (on the x-axis) for all three data sets. Include data from all three acid solutions on the same graph, but use a different symbol for the data points for each acid solution.

Use the graph of the data in Table 4 to find the moles of HCl in your unknown.

Questions
1. For each acid solution, how closely do the individually computed mass-to-volume ratios agree with one another?
2. For each acid solution, compare the slope of the line with the average value obtained for the computed mass-to-volume ratios for that solution.
3. Compare the average of the computed mass-to-volume ratios of the solutions. Rank the three acid solutions from most concentrated to least concentrated based on the mass-to-volume ratios. What is the relative ratio of the concentrations of the solutions? Compare your experimental results with the relative ratios of the concentrations calculated using the concentrations of the acids obtained from your instructor.
4. Is the mass of sodium carbonate proportional to the number of moles of HCl? Support your answer with experimental evidence.
5. Does the number of moles of HCl that react with a given mass of sodium carbonate depend on the concentration of the HCl? Explain.

 

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